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level: Transformers 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Transformers 1

QuestionAnswer
A device that changes the size of an alternating voltage through electromagnetic induction, typically consisting of primary and secondary coils wound around an iron core.Transformer
What are the two main components of a basic transformer?A basic transformer comprises a primary coil and a secondary coil wound around an iron core.
The process by which a changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force (EMF) or potential difference in a conductor.Electromagnetic Induction
How does a transformer work?Transformers work through electromagnetic induction. An alternating current in the primary coil induces a changing magnetic field in the iron core, which, in turn, induces a potential difference in the secondary coil.
The coil in a transformer through which the input alternating current flows, inducing a magnetic field.Primary Coil
What role does the primary coil play in a transformer?The primary coil is where the alternating current flows, inducing a magnetic field through electromagnetic induction.
The coil in a transformer where the induced potential difference leads to the generation of an alternating current.Secondary Coil
What happens in the secondary coil of a transformer?The changing magnetic field induced by the primary coil passes through the secondary coil, leading to the induction of a potential difference. If the secondary coil is part of a complete circuit, it produces an alternating current.
The material, often iron, around which the primary and secondary coils are wound in a transformer, aiding in magnetization.Iron Core
Why is iron commonly used as the core material in transformers?Iron is easily magnetized and demagnetized, making it an ideal material for the core of transformers.
The process of making a material magnetic and subsequently removing its magnetic properties.Magnetization and Demagnetization
How does the iron core contribute to the functioning of a transformer?The iron core magnetizes and demagnetizes as the current in the primary coil changes, facilitating the induction of a changing magnetic field and potential difference in the secondary coil.
An electric current that periodically reverses direction, commonly used for power distribution.Alternating Current (AC)
What type of current flows through the circuits of a transformer?If the secondary coil is part of a complete circuit, an alternating current flows through the circuit.
A coil of wire often used to generate a magnetic field when current flows through it.Solenoid
What is the primary coil essentially in terms of its structure?The primary coil is a solenoid through which the input alternating current flows, inducing a magnetic field.
A type of transformer that increases the voltage in the secondary coil compared to the primary coil, achieved by having more turns on the secondary coil.Step-Up Transformer
What is the primary characteristic of a step-up transformer?A step-up transformer increases the voltage in the secondary coil.
A type of transformer that decreases the voltage in the secondary coil compared to the primary coil, achieved by having more turns on the primary coil.Step-Down Transformer
What is the primary characteristic of a step-down transformer?A step-down transformer decreases the voltage in the secondary coil.
The ratio of the number of turns in the secondary coil to the number of turns in the primary coil of a transformer.Turns Ratio
How is the turns ratio related to the function of a transformer?The turns ratio determines whether a transformer is a step-up or step-down transformer. If the turns ratio is greater than 1, it's a step-up transformer; if less than 1, it's a step-down transformer.
The electric potential difference, or force, that drives an electric current, measured in volts.Voltage
What does a step-up transformer do to the voltage in the secondary coil?A step-up transformer increases the voltage in the secondary coil.
The total count of loops or turns in the winding of a coil in a transformer.Number of Turns
How is the number of turns related to the function of a transformer?The number of turns determines the turns ratio, which, in turn, defines whether the transformer is a step-up or step-down transformer. More turns in the secondary coil lead to a step-up transformer, while more turns in the primary coil lead to a step-down transformer.
The ratio of power output to power input in a transformer, usually expressed as a percentage.Transformer Efficiency
How is transformer efficiency calculated?Transformer efficiency is calculated by dividing the power output by the power input and multiplying by 100 to express it as a percentage.
The rate at which energy is transferred or converted, measured in watts.Power
What is the relationship between power, potential difference, and current?Power equals the product of potential difference and current, as expressed by the equation P = IV.
The electrical power delivered to the secondary coil of a transformer.Power Output
What does the power output of a transformer represent?Power output is the electrical power that is made available to the secondary coil for further use or transmission.
The electrical power supplied to the primary coil of a transformer.Power Input
What does the power input of a transformer represent?Power input is the electrical power initially provided to the primary coil of a transformer.
The mathematical expression that defines the efficiency of a transformer, where efficiency (%) = (Power Output / Power Input) × 100.Efficiency Equation for Transformers
How is transformer efficiency typically expressed?Transformer efficiency is usually expressed as a percentage, indicating the proportion of input power converted to useful output power.
An ideal transformer where all the input power is converted into output power without any losses.100% Efficient Transformer
What is the assumption regarding the efficiency of transformers in this context?The assumption is made that transformers are 100% efficient, meaning no energy is lost during the transformation process.
The electrical force or energy per unit charge, measured in volts.Voltage
How does potential difference relate to current in a transformer?For a given power, a high potential difference results in a low current, as shown in the transformer efficiency equation.
The interconnected network of cables and transformers that facilitates the transmission of electricity from power stations to consumers across a country.National Grid
What is the purpose of the National Grid?The National Grid is designed to efficiently transmit electricity from power stations to consumers.
Devices used in the National Grid to change the voltage and current of electricity for efficient transmission.Transformers in the National Grid
Why are transformers used in the National Grid?Transformers are used to change the voltage and current, optimizing energy transmission and reducing losses.
A type of transformer that increases the voltage in the secondary coil compared to the primary coil.Step-Up Transformer
Where are step-up transformers placed in the National Grid, and why?Step-up transformers are placed between power stations and transmission cables to increase voltage and reduce energy loss during long-distance transmission.
A type of transformer that decreases the voltage in the secondary coil compared to the primary coil.Step-Down Transformer
Where are step-down transformers placed in the National Grid, and why?Step-down transformers are placed between transmission cables and consumers to reduce voltage, making it safer for consumers.
Cables used to carry electricity over long distances, often between power stations and distribution points.Transmission Cables
Why are step-up transformers used before transmission cables?Step-up transformers are used to increase voltage, reducing energy loss along the transmission cables.
The ratio of useful energy output to the total energy input, often expressed as a percentage.Energy Efficiency
How do transformers contribute to the energy efficiency of the National Grid?Transformers optimize the voltage and current, improving energy efficiency by reducing losses during transmission.
Facilities where electricity is generated.Power Stations
Where is electricity generated in the National Grid?Electricity is generated in power stations, which are connected to the National Grid.
The process of decreasing voltage to ensure the safety of consumers.Voltage Reduction for Safety
Why are step-down transformers used for consumers in the National Grid?Step-down transformers reduce voltage, making it safer for consumers to use electricity.
The dissipation of energy in the form of heat during the transmission of electricity.Energy Loss
How do step-up transformers reduce energy loss in the National Grid?Step-up transformers increase voltage, minimizing energy loss along the transmission cables.