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level: Ethanol production (HARD)

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Ethanol production (HARD)

QuestionAnswer
A type of alcohol, with the chemical formula C2H5OH, commonly used in alcoholic beverages.Ethanol
How is ethanol produced, and what is the process called?Ethanol is produced by the fermentation of carbohydrates in an aqueous solution. This process is known as fermentation.
A biological process where microorganisms, such as yeast, convert sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide.Fermentation
What type of microorganisms are commonly used in the fermentation process to produce ethanol?Yeast enzymes are commonly used in the fermentation process to convert sugars into ethanol.
Organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, including sugars and starches.Carbohydrates
What is the source of carbohydrates used in ethanol fermentation, and how are they prepared for the process?Carbohydrates, typically sugars, are used as the source in ethanol fermentation. They are often dissolved in warm water to form an aqueous solution.
A solution in which water is the solvent.Aqueous Solution
Why is it important for the sugar to be dissolved in warm water during ethanol fermentation?Dissolving sugar in warm water creates an aqueous solution, which is essential for the fermentation process.
Conditions without oxygen.Anaerobic Conditions
Why is anaerobic conditions necessary for fermentation?Fermentation requires anaerobic conditions (no oxygen) to proceed efficiently.
A gas produced during fermentation, among other processes.Carbon Dioxide
Besides ethanol, what other product is typically produced during fermentation?Carbon dioxide is also produced as a byproduct during fermentation.
A separation technique used to separate components in a liquid mixture based on differences in their boiling points.Fractional Distillation
How is concentrated ethanol produced from the fermentation mixture, and what technique is employed?Concentrated ethanol is produced by using fractional distillation.
A mixture of water and ethanol obtained from the fermentation of carbohydrates.Fermentation Mixture
How can the low ethanol concentration in the fermentation mixture be improved?Fractional distillation is used to obtain a more concentrated solution of ethanol.
The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas.Boiling Point
At what temperature is the fermentation mixture heated during fractional distillation, and why is this temperature significant?The fermentation mixture is heated to 78°C, which is the boiling point of ethanol. This temperature allows the ethanol to evaporate.
A device used to cool and condense a gas back into a liquid.Condenser
What role does the condenser play in the fractional distillation process of ethanol?The condenser cools and condenses the evaporated ethanol back into liquid form.
The process of gathering and accumulating a substance.Collection
How is the concentrated ethanol collected during fractional distillation?The concentrated ethanol is collected after it condenses back into liquid form in the condenser.
A laboratory glassware with a round bottom used for holding liquids.Round Bottomed Flask
What happens to the water in the round bottomed flask during the fractional distillation of ethanol?The water remains in the round bottomed flask, as it has a different boiling point than ethanol and does not evaporate at the same temperature.