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level: The Menstrual Cycle

Questions and Answers List

level questions: The Menstrual Cycle

QuestionAnswer
The recurring physiological process in females, typically lasting about 28 days, marked by the release of an egg from the ovary, preparation of the uterus for a possible pregnancy, and shedding of the uterine lining if pregnancy does not occur.Menstrual Cycle
What defines the menstrual cycle in females, and what are its key phases?The menstrual cycle is a 28-day process involving the release of an egg, preparation of the uterus for pregnancy, and shedding of the uterine lining if no pregnancy occurs.
A hormone released by the pituitary gland that initiates the growth and maturation of an egg (follicle) in the ovary.Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
What role does Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) play in the menstrual cycle?FSH initiates the growth and maturation of an egg in the ovary.
A hormone produced by the ovaries, especially during the maturation of the egg, that plays a crucial role in repairing and thickening the lining of the uterus.Oestrogen
Which hormone is responsible for repairing and thickening the uterine lining during the menstrual cycle?Oestrogen, produced by the ovaries.
A hormone released by the pituitary gland that triggers ovulation by prompting the release of a mature egg from the ovary into the oviduct.Luteinising Hormone (LH)
What hormone induces ovulation by releasing a mature egg from the ovary?Luteinising Hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland.
The release of a mature egg from the ovary into the oviduct (fallopian tube), typically occurring midway through the menstrual cycle.Ovulation
Define ovulation and its significance in the menstrual cycle.Ovulation is the release of a mature egg into the oviduct, a crucial midpoint in the menstrual cycle.
A hormone produced by the ovaries after ovulation, responsible for maintaining the lining of the uterus and supporting a potential pregnancy.Progesterone
What is the role of progesterone in the menstrual cycle after ovulation?Progesterone maintains the uterine lining and supports a potential pregnancy after ovulation.
The inner lining of the uterus that thickens during the menstrual cycle under the influence of hormones, and is shed if pregnancy does not occur.Uterine Lining
What is the uterine lining, and how does it change during the menstrual cycle?The uterine lining thickens and is shed if pregnancy does not occur, influenced by hormonal changes.
The shedding of the uterine lining when the egg is not fertilized, marking the end of the menstrual cycle and the beginning of a new one.Period
Describe the event that marks the end of the menstrual cycle when the egg is not fertilized.The shedding of the uterine lining, known as a period, concludes the menstrual cycle.
The approximate length of the menstrual cycle, which repeats every 28 days on average.Menstrual Cycle Duration
How long is the menstrual cycle, and how often does it repeat?The menstrual cycle lasts approximately 28 days and repeats in a cyclical pattern.
The dynamic interplay of reproductive hormones during the menstrual cycle, regulating the maturation of eggs, ovulation, and the preparation of the uterus for potential pregnancy.Hormonal Interaction in Menstrual Cycle
How do reproductive hormones interact during the menstrual cycle?Reproductive hormones coordinate to regulate egg maturation, ovulation, and prepare the uterus for potential pregnancy.
The action of oestrogen in preventing the pituitary gland from releasing Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH).Oestrogen Inhibition of FSH
What role does oestrogen play in relation to FSH during the menstrual cycle?Oestrogen inhibits the release of FSH from the pituitary gland.
The process whereby the inhibition of FSH by oestrogen ensures that other eggs do not start to mature during the menstrual cycle.Prevention of Egg Maturation
How does the inhibition of FSH by oestrogen impact egg maturation?Oestrogen's inhibition of FSH prevents the maturation of additional eggs during the menstrual cycle.
The action of oestrogen in causing the pituitary gland to release Luteinising Hormone (LH).Oestrogen Stimulation of LH
What is the role of oestrogen in relation to LH release?Oestrogen stimulates the release of LH from the pituitary gland.
The process where LH, triggered by oestrogen, causes the release of a mature egg from the ovary into the oviduct.Ovulation Induction
How does ovulation occur during the menstrual cycle?LH, induced by oestrogen, prompts the release of a mature egg from the ovary into the oviduct.
The response to ovulation, where the ovaries release more progesterone.Progesterone Release Post-Ovulation
What follows ovulation in terms of hormone release?Ovulation leads to the release of additional progesterone by the ovaries.
The function of progesterone in maintaining the lining of the uterus during the menstrual cycle.Progesterone's Role in Uterine Maintenance
How does progesterone contribute to the menstrual cycle's maintenance?Progesterone maintains the uterine lining, preparing it for a potential pregnancy.
The action of progesterone in collaborating with oestrogen to suppress the production of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinising Hormone (LH).Progesterone Inhibition of FSH and LH
How does progesterone interact with oestrogen to influence FSH and LH production?Progesterone, in conjunction with oestrogen, inhibits the production of FSH and LH, contributing to hormonal balance during the menstrual cycle.