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level: Motivation Theories

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Motivation Theories

QuestionAnswer
Motivationrefers to the individual, internal process that directs, energises and sustains a person’s behaviour.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needsbelieves employees are motivated by satisfying a sequential order of the extrinsic to intrinsic needs of physiological, safety, social, self-esteem, and self-actualism.
Physiological with examplethe need for air, food, water, health. E.g., satisfactory pay for survival
Safety with examplethe need for safety, shelter and stability. E.g., safe working conditions, job security
Social with examplethe need for love, belonging, inclusion. E.g., teamwork, supportive management, involvement in decision making.
Self Esteem with examplethe need for self-satisfaction, power, control, recognition. E.g., responsibility, promotion, recognition
Self Actualismthe need for development, creativity, growth. E.g., advancement opportunities
Intrinsic and Extrinsic meaning- Extrinsic involves doing something because you want to earn a reward - Intrinsic involves doing something for personal reward
Locke and Latham's Goal Setting Theorybelieves employees are driven by setting goals that provide clarity, are challenging, have the right level of task complexity, encourage commitment and provide feedback.
Lawrence and Nohria's Four Drive Theorybelieves that employees are motivated by the drive to acquire bond, learn and defend.
Drive to Acquire (provide example)is the desire to own material goods, gain status, power and achievement. E.g., matching wage to other businesses, recognising good performance and tying rewards to performance improvement.
Drive to Bond (provide example)desire to form positive relationships with other individuals and have a sense of belonging. E.g., interact positively with employees, recognising collective achievement, create environment for relationships.
Drive to Learn (provide example)desire to satisfy curiosity, learn new skills. E.g., provide training, tasks are made interesting.
Drive to Defend (provide example)desire to feel safe and have trust between co-workers & managers. E.g., OH&S training, welcoming culture.