| RPD is like fixed partial denture because natural teeth alone provide direct resistance to functional forces | Tooth-bound spaces |
| Necessary that the residual ridge be used to assist in the functional stability of the prosthesis. | Tooth-tissue supported |
| TOOTH SUPPORTED(Movement Potential): | Less |
| TOOTH SUPPORTED(design consideration): | less variable |
| TOOTH SUPPORTED(primary support): | abutment teeth |
| TOOTH SUPPORTED(secondary support): | abutment teeth |
| TOOTH SUPPORTED(indirect retainer): | none |
| TOOTH SUPPORTED(base material): | metal |
| TOOTH SUPPORTED(direct retainer): | clasp |
| TOOTH-TISSUE SUPPORTED(movement): | more prone |
| TOOTH-TISSUE SUPPORTED(design): | more complex |
| TOOTH-TISSUE SUPPORTED(primary support): | Residual ridge and tissue underlying the denture base |
| TOOTH-TISSUE SUPPORTED(secondary support): | abutment teeth |
| TOOTH-TISSUE SUPPORTED(indirect retainer): | present |
| TOOTH-TISSUE SUPPORTED(base material): | generally acrylic resin |
| TOOTH-TISSUE SUPPORTED(direct retention): | wrought wire or bar type retentive arms |
| Flat ridge provides ____ support, ____ stability | good; poor |
| Sharp, spiny ridge, provides ____ support, ____ stability | poor; poor to fair |
| Displaceable tissue on the ridge provides ___ support, ___ stability | poor; poor |
| Retainer: Engages an abutment tooth to resist displacement of the prosthesis away from basal seat tissue | direct |
| Where direct retainer abutment attaches | Primary abutment |
| Where indirect retainer attachment attaches | Secondary Abutment |
| TYPES OF DIRECT RETAINERS:Vertical walls built into the crown of the abutment | INTRACORONAL |
| TYPES OF DIRECT RETAINERS:Casted or attached totally within the restored natural contours of the abutment | INTRACORONAL |
| TYPES OF DIRECT RETAINERS:Composed of prefabricated machines key and keyway | INTRACORONAL |
| INTRACORONAL RETAINERS ARE ALSO KNOWN AS | internal attachemnt, precision attachment, key and keyway |
| TYPES OF DIRECT RETAINERS:Not usually used in distal extension; causes tipping of abutment teeth | INTRACORONAL |
| TYPES OF DIRECT RETAINERS:Mechanical retention comes from the outer surface | Extracoronal |
| TYPES OF DIRECT RETAINERS:Most widely used direct retainer | Extracoronal |
| TYPES OF DIRECT RETAINERS:Clasp type retainer is the most common form used | Extracoronal |
| Requirements of Clasp Assembly:supplied by primary clasp | Retention |
| Requirements of Clasp Assembly:responsible in opposing the lateral forces and stresses that are exerted by the retentive arm to the abutment teeth | Reciprocation |
| Requirements of Clasp Assembly:provides stability; resists horizontal forces | Bracing |
| Requirements of Clasp Assembly:to oppose gingival movement or tissueward movement of denture | Support |
| CLASP ASSEMBLY(function): rest | Support |
| CLASP ASSEMBLY(function): minor connector | stabilization/bracing |
| CLASP ASSEMBLY(function): reciprocal arm | Reciprocation |
| CLASP ASSEMBLY(function): retentive arm | Stabilization/Bracing/Retention |
| CLASP ASSEMBLY(location): rest | Occlusal, lingual, incisal |
| CLASP ASSEMBLY(location): Minor Connector | lingual surface; Above or on the survey line |
| CLASP ASSEMBLY(location): retentive arm | buccal; shoulder: apical portion of middle third; terminal end: undercut |
| CLASP ASSEMBLY: reciprocal arm shape | rounded end, straight |
| CLASP ASSEMBLY: retentive arm shape | tapering |
| CLASP ASSEMBLY: what is provided by the shoulder in retentive arm | Stabilization and bracing |
| CLASP ASSEMBLY: what is provided by the terminal end in retentive arm | Retention |
| shape of rest | rounded triangular |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:Considered as an all-cast clasp | Circumferential Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER: indicated on almost all tooth-supported partial dentures because of retentive and stabilizing ability | Circumferential Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER: contraindicated when the retentive undercut may be approached better by a bar clasp arm or when esthetics is better in using a bar clasp | Circumferential Clasp |
| a disadvantage of Circumferential Clasp: more metal may be displayed in the __________- | mandibular arch |
| Circumferential Clasp: arms | 2 (retentive, reciprocal) |
| Circumferential Clasp: rest | 1 (MO/DO) |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER: indicated When a proximal undercut cannot be approached by other means | Ring Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:may be used in reverse on an abutment located anterior to a tooth-bounded edentulous space when a distobuccal or distolingual undercut cannot be approached directly from the occlusal rest area and/or tissue undercuts prevent its approach | Ring Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER: contraindicated when Excessive tissue undercuts prevent the use of a supporting strut | Ring Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER: advantages include; Excellent bracing with supporting strut, Allows the use of an available undercut | Ring Clasp |
| Ring Clasp: arms | 1 (retentive) |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER: no reciprocal arm (replaced by the supporting strut) | Ring Clasp |
| Ring Clasp: rest | 2 (primary, auxiliary) |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:Two opposing circumferential clasps joined at the terminal end of the two reciprocal arms | Multiple Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER: indicated when When additional retention or stabilization is needed; usually on tooth-supported RPD | Multiple Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER: indicated May be used for multiple clasping in instances in which the RPD replaced an entire half of the arch | Multiple Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER: indicated when May be used in place of embrasure clasp when the only available retentive areas are adjacent to each other | Multiple Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER: contraindicated when Two embrasure approaches are necessary rather than a single common embrasure for both clasps | Multiple Clasp |
| Multiple Clasp: arms | 4 (2 retentive, 2 reciprocal) |
| Multiple Clasp: rest | 2 |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:little justification | Half and Half Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:Consists of a circumferential retentive arm arising from one direction and a reciprocal arm from a different direction | Half and Half Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:Second arm arises from a second minor connector; with or without auxiliary occlusal rest | Half and Half Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:Also known as hairpin | Reverse Action Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER: indicated When a proximal undercut must be used on a posterior abutment and when tissue undercuts, tilted teeth, or high tissue attachments prevent the use of a bar clasp arm | Reverse Action Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER: indicated When lingual undercuts may prevent the placement of a supporting strut without tongue interference | Reverse Action Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:Clasp arm is designed to permit engaging a proximal undercut (undercut adjacent to edentulous space) from an occlusal approach. | Reverse Action Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:Esthetically objectionable when used on anterior abutment | Reverse Action Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:The clasp covers considerable tooth surface and may trap debris | Reverse Action Clasp |
| Reverse Action Clasp: rest | 1 |
| Reverse Action Clasp: retentive portion begins beyond the ___ | turn |
| Reverse Action Clasp: the bend that connects the upper and lower parts of the arm should be ___ to prevent stress accumulation and fracture of the arm at the bend | rounded |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER: for Unmodified Class II or Class III cases with no edentulous spaces on the opposite side of the arch | Embrasure Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER: contraindicated for Insufficient space in between abutment teeth | Embrasure Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:Historically demonstrates a high percentage of fracture caused by inadequate tooth preparation | Embrasure Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:Preparation of adjacent, contacting, uncrowned abutments are difficult in adequate interproximal bulk clasps | Embrasure Clasp |
| Embrasure Clasp: arms | 4 (2 retentive, 2 reciprocal) |
| Embrasure Clasp: rest | 2 |
| Embrasure Clasp: ______ can substitute a circumferential reciprocal arm, as long as there is definite reciprocation and stabilization | Auxiliary occlusal rest or a bar clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:Modification of the ring clasp | Back Action Clasp |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:indicated on a premolar abutment anterior to the edentulous space | Back Action Clasp |
| Back Action Clasp: arm | 1( both retentive and reciprocal) |
| Back Action Clasp: rest | 1 |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:Class I and Class II | Rest Proximal Plate I-Bar |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER: indicated for Class I and Class II; Undercut located adjacent to edentulous area | Rest Proximal Plate T-Bar |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER: contraindicated for Severe soft tissue undercut, Height of contour located near occlusal surface | Rest Proximal Plate T-Bar |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:mesioocclusal rest with the minor connector placed into the mesiolingual embrasure, but not contacting the adjacent tooth | Rest Proximal Plate I-Bar |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:A distal guiding plane, extending from the marginal ridge to the junction of the middle and gingival thirds of the abutment tooth; ready to receive a proximal plate | Rest Proximal Plate I-Bar |
| Rest Proximal Plate I-Bar: The _____, in conjunction with the minor connector supporting the rest; provides the stabilizing and reciprocal aspects of the clasp assembly | proximal plate |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:Equivalent of T-bar; for canines and premolars; mesial and distal projection terminate near occlusal surface | Rest Proximal Plate Y-Bar |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:No retentive horizontal projection; Class I and Class II | RP-Modified T-Bar |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:For canines and premolars | RP-Modified T-Bar |
| TYPES OF EXTRACORONAL RETAINER:indicated for Undercut located near adjacent edentulous area | RP-Modified T-Bar |
| Resists rotational movement of the denture | INDIRECT RETAINERS |
| INDIRECT RETAINERS usually comes in the form of | rest |
| Types of indirect retainers:Not part of clasp assembly; Singular rest found at the occlusal for additional support but not part of clasp assembly | Auxiliary occlusal rest |
| Types of indirect retainers:Usually placed in maxillary canines; cingulum is more prominent, easier to prep rest seat | Cingulum rest |
| In cases where you have to use the mandibular canine for cingulum rest, just do ______; the slope is more steep in mn canine than mx canine | incisal rest |
| Types of indirect retainers:Placed on incisal surface of incisors | Incisal rest |
| Types of indirect retainers:Occlusal rest of premolars can be extended into cingulum area of canines | Canine extension from occlusal rest |
| Where the denture rotates; An imaginary line passing through 2 primary abutments | FULCRUM LINE |
| Indirect retainers, when indicated, should be placed ___ degrees from the fulcrum line | 45 |
| Rotational movement due to fulcrum should be counteracted by | indirect retainers |
