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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

QuestionAnswer
are oxygenation products of polyunsaturated long chain fatty acidsEICOSANOID
Eicosanoid Pathway1 Stimulus (Injury) 2 Production of Phospholipid 3 Enzyme phospholipase A2 will release Arachidonic Acid 4 two enzymes reacts with Arachidonic Acid (Cyclooxygenase&Lipoxygenase) 5 COX will produce many forms of Prostaglandin 6 LOX will produce HPETE (Glutathione peroxidase)
Pathway of Omega 6 Fatty acids (n-6 FA)1 Omega 6 Fatty Acids 2 Arachidonic Acid 3 It will then become COX, LOX and CYTP (Cytochrome P450)
SYNTHESIS OF EICOSANOIDS•Cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway •Lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway
Produces all eicosanoids with ring structure (PG, TXA, PGI) Two types of COX: 1 COX-1 2 COX-2COX PATHWAY
• Responsible for the physiologic production of prostanoids • A constitutive enzyme that regulates normal cellular processes, such as gastric cytoprotection, vascular homeostasis, platelet aggregation & reproductive & kidney functions "HOUSE KEEPING" such as gastric epithelial cytoprotection GOOD COXCYCLOOXYGENASE-1 Prostaglandin (PG) H Synthase 1
• Causes the elevated production of prostanoids that occurs in sites of chronic disease and inflammation • Constitutively expressed in tissues such as brain, kidney & bone • Expression is induced by inflammatory mediators like TNF-α and IL-1 BAD COXCYCLOOXYGENASE-2 PGH Synthase -2
Difference of COX 1 AND COX 2COX 2 - Larger and more Flexible substrate channel; Larger space at the site where Inhibitors Bind
The differences of COX 1 & COX 2 permit the development of __COX 2 - Selective Inhibitors
This pathway forms leukotrienesLIPOXYGENASE PATHWAY
Most investigated Produced by the 5-LOX Associated with ASTHMA, ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCKLeukotrienes
• Also known as “EICOSA” (20 carbon atoms) • Unsaturated fatty acid derivatives containing 20 CARBONS that include a cyclic ring structure • Generally ACT LOCALLY ON THE TISSUES in which they are synthesized & are RAPIDLY METABOLIZED TO INACTIVE PRODUCTS AT THEIR SITES OF ACTIONPROSTAGLANDINS