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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
change in a population of species over time	theory of evolution
traits can be acquired or lost during an animals lifetime through use or disuse	theory of acquired traits
father of evolution, went to the Galapagos in 1835 off the coast of Ecuador	Charles Darwin
Curved saddle back shells and long necks	Espanola island giant tortoise
dome shaped shells and short necks	Santiago island giant tortoise
Process of evolution step 1random mutations in DNA adds diversity to traits in gene pool	trait variation from gene mutation
Process of evolution step 2 favors the fittest in a population and prevents overpopulation	natural selection
Process of evolution step 3 an organism survives long enough to preproduce and pass the trait on	reproductive inheritance
Process of evolution step 4 over time more and more organisms acquire the trait	population adaptation
ability to survive and reproduce	fittness
new species arise when organisms diversify away from the common ancestor	speciation
organisms similar enough to mate and have fertile offspring	species
no offspring or sterile offspring, different times of maturity, different mating seasons, different mating behaviors	reproductive isolation barriers
usually sterile offspring created when two different species mate	hybrids
occurs when gene variation is low and there are no new gene adaptations in a species	extinction due to loss of gene diversity
happens as fast as the environment changes and depends of rate of preproduction	rate of evolution
rapid evolutionary change or speciation followed by a longer period of no change	punctuated equilibrium
gradual evolution and subtle changes that will eventually lead to speciation	gradualism