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level: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells

QuestionAnswer
What are prokaryotes?A single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus, and other membrane-bound organelles.
What are eukaryotes?Organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within a nuclear envelope.
What is the difference between pro and eukaryotic cells?Eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and prokaryotic cells do not. Prokaryotes are significantly smaller than eukaryotes
What are the requirements for cell survival?energy sources, simple nutrients, removal of wastes, acids, ions and water.
What is cellular respiration?Metabolic reactions that convert chemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate, and then release waste products.
Define the mitochondriaMembrane-bound cell organelles that generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell's biochemical reactions.
Define the chloroplastMembrane-bound organelle known as a plastid that conducts photosynthesis
Define the rough endoplasmic reticulumConnected flattened sacs, part of a continuous membrane organelle within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, that plays a central role in the synthesis of proteins.
Define the lysosomeOrganelles that contain enzymes that break down all types of biological polymers—proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.
What is the formula for total magnification?Multiply the magnification power of the ocular lens by the power of the objective lens.
What is the formula for field of view?Field Number ÷ Objective Magnification
Identify the following structure:Chloroplast
Identify the following structure:Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Identify the following structure:Mitochondria
Identify the following structurelysosome
Define plastidsDouble-membrane organelles which are found in the cells of plants and algae. Plastids are responsible for manufacturing and storing of food.
Define the smooth endoplasmic reticulumIt synthesizes lipids, phospholipids as in plasma membranes, and steroids