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level: 8.1 Metabolism

Questions and Answers List

level questions: 8.1 Metabolism

QuestionAnswer
What happens in non-competitive inhibition? (4)inhibitor binds to allosteric site = changes the shape of the active site indirectly blocks reaction effects cant be lowered by increasing substrate
What is metabolism?sum of all anabolic and catabolic reactions to maintain life
How do enzymes affect activation energy?lowers EA = Speeds up rate of reaction
What is catabolism? what type of reaction is it?breaks down molecules bonds = releases energy = exergonic
What is anabolism? What type of reaction is it?forms molecule bonds = needs energy = endergonic
What is an enzyme inhibitor?prevents substrate-enzyme complex forming
How is a substrate-enzyme complex formed? (4)conformational change to active site = induced fit model specific and complementary destabilises bond in substrate lowers activation energy
What happens in competitive inhibition? how can effects be lowered? (3)inhibitor binds to active site = structurally + chemically similar to substrate directly blocks reaction effects can be lowered if substrate conc increases
What happens in non-competitive inhibition? (4)inhibitor binds to allosteric site = changes the shape of the active site indirectly blocks reaction effects cant be lowered by increasing substrate
What is an example of competitive inhibition? how does it work? (5)Relenza - treatment for influenza binds to neuraminidase active site prevents cleavage of docking proteins prevents virons releasing from infected cells = prevents spread
What is an example of non-competitive inhibition? (4)cyanide binds to cytochrome oxidase complex (IV) changes active site = electrons cant release with oxygen = ETC shuts down ATP production shuts down = death
What is the allosteric site?place on enzyme where an inhibitor can bind, which changes active site
What is feedback inhibition?final product in a series inhibits an enzyme from an earlier step by binding to allosteric site to control the amount of product made negative feedback loop
What is an example of end product inhibition? (4)threonine = isoleucine (amino acid) in plants and bacteria first converted into intermediate w threonine deaminase isoleucine binds to allosteric site (non-competitive) excess isoleucine prevents further production
What is the effect of inhibition on enzyme kinetics?non-competitive < competitive <uninhibited