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level: Arteries and Coronary Circulation

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Arteries and Coronary Circulation

QuestionAnswer
What are the key features of the arterial system?Resistance is defined as the impediment to blood flow in a vessel. It can be increased with vasoconstriction and decreased with vasodilation.  Conductance is the measures of blood flow for a given pressure difference.    Conductance is the reciprocal over resistance where: Conductance = 1/Resistance
What are the principles of flow and pressure regulation in the circulation?Pressure pulsations -
Describe the coronary metabolism in regards to coronary circulationMyocardial ATP production is ~95% from metabolism. Resting myocardial energy demand is approximately 20-fold that of skeletal muscle. To maintain O2supply, O2extraction in cardiac tissue is ~75%. As a result, increase in O2demand during exercise are mediated primarily by increases in coronary blood flow
Describe the coronary blood flow in regards to coronary circulationOpposite pattern – flow occurs in diastole rather than systole. Primarily due to compression of epicardial arteries during ventricular contraction.
Describe the control of coronary blood flow in regards to coronary circulationRegulated in proportion to oxygen demand During periods of high demand, coronary blood flow is matched to demand via the release of vasodilatory substances and nervous system control (autonomic NS)