| Bone is composed of what 2 units? | bone is composed of both compact and spongy bone |
| Define compact bone | Compact bone is the dense outer layer |
| Define spongy bone | Spongy bone is the internal network |
| What does spongy bone consist of | spongy bone consists of trabeculae and marrow that fills open spaces between trabeculae |
| Name the structure | Endosteum |
| Name the structure | Yellow bone marrow |
| Name the structure | Compact bone |
| Name the structure | Periosteum |
| Name the structure | Sharpey's fibers (collagen fibers) |
| Name the structure | Nutrient artery |
| Where is the yellow bone marrow located? | The yellow bone marrow fills the medullary cavity |
| Define Diaphysis and Epiphyses in regards to the bone | Diaphysis describes the shafts of the bone and the epiphyses describes the ends of the bone |
| Name the parts of the bone | 1. Proximal epiphysis
2. Diaphysis
3. Distal Epiphysis |
| Name the part of the bone | Articular cartilage |
| Name the part of the bone | Spongy bone |
| Name the structure | Epiphyseal Line |
| What is considered the growth plate | the epiphyseal line is considered the growth plate |
| Name the part of the bone | Endosteum |
| Name the part of the bone | Periosteum |
| Name the part of the bone | Compact bone |
| Name the part of the bone | Medullary cavity |
| What is the medullary cavity lined with? | Lines by the endosteum |
| Name the part of the bone | endosteum |
| What types of bones do not contain a bone marrow cavity? | Flat bones, short bones, and irregular bones contain marrow but no marrow cavity |
| What does the shape of the bone determine? | The shape of the bone facilitates the type of movement and types of structures it supports |
| What area of the bone deals with stress the most? | compression and tension are greatest at external surfaces of the bone |
| What occurs here | tension pushes outward while compression pushes inwards |
| what do bone markings reflect? | Superficial surfaces of bones reflect stresses on them |
| What are the 3 categories of bone markings? | 1. Projections for muscle attachment
2. surfaces that form joints
3. depressions and openings |
| Describe/Define Tuberosity | Tuberosity is a a large rounded projection that is a site for muscle and ligament attachment |
| Describe/Define Crest | Crest is the narrow ridge of a bone and acts as a projection/site of muscle and ligament attachment |
| Describe/Define Trochanter | Trochanter is a large, blunt and irregular shaped process which allows for attachment of muscles and ligaments on the femur |
| Describe/Define Line | A line is the narrow ridge of the bone, similar to crest but is lest prominent
- allows for muscle and ligament attachment |
| Define/ Describe Tubercle | Tubercle is a small rounded projection or process that allows for muscle and ligament attachment |
| Define/Describe Epicondyle | Epicondyle is a raised area on or above a condyle; allows for muscle or ligament attachment |
| Define/Describe Spine | Sharp, slender and often pointed projection that acts as a site for muscle and ligament attachment |
| Define/Describe Process | Process is any bone prominence that acts as a site for ligament and muscle attachment |
| Describe/Define Head | Head is a bony expansion carried on a narrow neck and is a surface that forms joints |
| Define/Describe Facet | Facet is a smooth, nearly flat surface that forms joints |
| Define/Describe Condyle | Condyle is a rounded articular projection, often articulates w/ corresponding fossa |
| Define/Describe Foramen | Foramen is a round or oval opening through the bone that allows passage of vessels and nerves |
| Define/Describe FIssure | Fissure is a narrow, slit-like opening that allows for passage of vessels and nerves |
| Define/Describe Groove | Groove is a furrow, allows for passage of vessels and nerves |
| Define/Describe Notch | Notch is an indentation at the edge of a structure, allows for passage of nerves and vessels |
| Define/Describe Fossa | Fossa is a shallow depression in a bone, serves as an articular surface and also allows for the passage of nerves and vessels |
| Define/Describe Meatus | Meatus is a canal like passageway allows for the passage of vessels and nerves |
| Define/Describe Sinus | Sinus is a cavity within a bone, filled with air and lines with mucous membrane; allows for passage of vessels and nerves |
| Name the parts of the bone | 1. Compact bone
2. Spongy bone |
| Name the part of the bone | Osteon |
| Name the part of the bone | Lamellae |
| Name the part of the bone | Endosteum |
| Name the part of the bone | perforating collagen fibers aka Sharpey's fibers |
| Name the part of the bone | Periosteum |
| What contains passageways for blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves | Compact bone contains passage ways for blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves |
| Define/Describe Osteons | Osteons are long cylindrical structures, their function is support |
| What do osteons contain? | Osteons contain Lamellae, central canal, perforating canals, and canaliculi |
| Name the structure | Lamellae |
| Name the structure | Collagen fibers (it is important then run in different directions because it gives it strength) |
| What does the trabeculae contain? | the trabeculae contains layers of lamellae and osteocytes
- too small to contain osteons |
