level: Organic chemistry - Fractional distillation & Cracking alkanes
Questions and Answers List
level questions: Organic chemistry - Fractional distillation & Cracking alkanes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is fractional distillation | Process of separating crude oil into fractions |
| How does fractional distillation separate hydrocarbons | using their boiling points |
| Describe the process of FD | 1) Crude oil is evaporated - the vapors are put into the fractionating column at the bottom and raises upwards 2) Long chained HC condense at the bottom due to the high BP - SC HC condense nearer to the top due to it being highly volatile 3) The fractions are collected then processed to create products (petrol, diesel, etc) |
| What is cracking | Breaks down longer chained hydrocarbons into smaller more useful molecules |
| Steps to catalytic cracking | - Vapourised hydrocarbons passed over hot catalyst - The product includes alkanes and alkenes |
| Steps to steam cracking | - Vapourised HC mixed with steam at high temp - Products include alkanes and alkenes |
| Name the uses of alkenes | - combined to make polymers - starting material for chemicals like ethanol |