| What is the term used to describe ineffective coping with stress that causes mild interpersonal disorganization? | Neurosis |
| A person with _______ is out of touch with reality and has severe personality deterioration, impaired perception and judgement, hallucinations, and delusions | Psychosis |
| What is the DSM-V used for? | Facilitate medical diagnosis and as a guide to clinical practice |
| What is the predominant characteristic of a neurocognitive mental disorder? | Disorientation |
| What is the basis for the behavior of a neurocognitive mental disorder? | And identifiable brain disease or dysfunction |
| What is delirium? | A change of consciousness that occurs rapidly over a short time |
| What are possible causes of delirium? | Fever
Heart failure
Pneumonia
Azotemia
Malnutrition
Drug intoxication
Anesthesia |
| Nocturnal delirium is also called __________ ________. | Sundowning syndrome |
| What is the most common type of dementia? | Alzheimer's disease |
| What is the main characteristic of thought process disorders (schizophrenia) | Bizarre, non-reality-based thinking |
| Which ventricle of the brain is larger in a person with schizophrenia? | Left ventricle is larger than the right |
| What part of the brain is smaller than normal in a person with schizophrenia? | Cerebral cortex |
| What is present in excess amounts in the brain of someone with schizophrenia? | Neurotransmitter dopamine |
| When does the onset of schizophrenia typically begin? | Young adulthood |
| What are the positive behavior patterns of schizophrenia? | Delusions
Disordered thinking
Hallucinations |
| What are the negative behavior patterns of schizophrenia? | Apathy
Social withdrawal
Flat affect |
| A false, fixed belief that cannot be corrected by feedback is called a _________. | Delusion |
| A sensory experience without a stimulus trigger is called a ________. | Hallucination |
| What type of hallucination is experienced most often? | Auditory hallucination |
| Concreteness is sometimes a sign of _________ _________. | Disordered thinking |
| What is apathy? | Lack of energy or interest |
| In schizophrenia, social withdrawal occurs in an attempt to: | Reduce stimuli to the brain |
| Reduced content of speech is called: | Alogia |
| What is anhedonia? | The inability to experience happiness or joy |
| What are the five subtypes of schizophrenia? | Disorganized
Paranoid
Catatonic
Undifferentiated
Residual |
| List the four stages of schizophrenia: | 1. Prodromal
2. Prepsychotic
3. Acute
$. Residual |
| The level of ________ is excessive in manic individuals. | Norepinephrine |
| The levels of which neurotransmitters are deficient in the depressed individual? | Norepinephrine and serotonin |
| Major depression is defined as: | Repeated, severe depressive episodes lasting more than 2 years |
| Daily, moderate depression that lasts more than 2 years is called: | Dysthymic disorder |
| What is the early phase of a manic episode called? | Hypomanic episode |
| Many individuals with cyclothymic disorder progress to _______ _______. | Bipolar disorder |
| Seasonal affective disorder and postpartum depression are connected with what kind of imbalance? | Hormonal imbalance |
| How is SAD treated? | Phototherapy |
| When does postpartum depression often clear? | Within days |
| Postpartum depression should be investigated if symptoms last longer than how long? | 2 weeks |
| Which antidepressant works best when taken at bedtime? | Amitriptyline |
| How long does it take for most antidepressants to alleviate depression? | 2-4 weeks |
| What kind of antidepressants do not deem to produce anticholinergic and sedating side effects? | SSRI's |
| Which antidepressant works best when taken in the morning? | Fluoxetine (Prozac) |
| Patients on lithium need to monitor the amount of ______ in their diet and fluid intake. | Sodium |
| What is the first-line medication for cessation of smoking? | Bupropion |
| Panic symptoms peak within how many minutes of onset? | 10 minutes |
| Symptoms of PTSD that last 6 months or longer is classified as: | Chronic PTSD |
| When does acute PTSD occur? | Within 6 months of the event |
| What is one strategy recommended to prevent PTSD? | Debriefing people right after the event |
| Cluster A personality disorders include which behaviors? | Odd or eccentric |
| Cluster B personality disorders include which behaviors? | Dramatic, emotional, erratic |
| Cluster C personality disorders include which behaviors? | Anxious or fearful |
| What does the suffix "philia" mean? | Attraction to |
| A somatic symptom disorder is a physical disorder that arises as the result of what kind of trigger? | Psychological |
| Which system of the body suffers the most from chronic stress? | Gastrointestinal tract |
| What are the three most common eating disorders? | Anorexia nervosa
Bulimia
Binge eating |
| What is believed to be the most common eating disorder? | Binge-eating |
| What kind of relationship is a key component in psychiatric mental health treatment? | Helping-trust relationship |
| Who developed psychoanalysis? | Sigmund Freud |
| What kind of therapy can resolve phobias? | Behavior therapy |
| How long should the patient be NPO before ECT? | 8 hours |
| Serotonin syndrome worsens in which disease? | Parkinson's disease |
| What increases the risk of lithium carbonate toxicity? | Poor fluid intake and salt restriction |
| What is the therapeutic dosage of lithium? | 0.4-1.3 mEq/L |
| Antipsychotic medications or major tranquilizers are used for the management of which 3 disorders? | 1. Schizophrenia
2. Organic mental disorders with psychosis
3. Manic phase of bipolar disorder |
| Benzodiazepine sedatives relieve ________ without sacrificing _________. | Tension, motivation |
| St. John's wort potentially interacts with ____. | MAOI's |
| St. John's wort has the capacity to trigger ________ when taken with allergy medication that contains monoamines or phenylalanine or with amino acid supplements containing tyrosine | Hypertension |
| What is a common side effect of Kava? | Scaly rash on the backs of hands, forearms, and soles of the feet |
| The effectiveness of _____ ______ is comparable to diazepam in reducing anxiety | Gotu kola |
| Ginkgo has the capacity to affect _____ secretion | Insulin |
| Dementia is an organic mental illness secondary to _________ ________. | Cerebral disease |
| Hereditary factors account for what percentage of mood disorders? | 60%-80% |
| How often should the drug blood level of an individual taking lithium be checked? | Every month |
| An individual with anxiety traits has reactions to: | Relatively nonstressful events |
| Signal anxiety is a ______ response. | Learned |
| A panic attack occurs suddenly and typically peaks within ____ minutes | 10 |
| What is the schedule for ECT? | 10 treatments over several weeks |
