| anabolism | process of building up complex proteins from simpler substances |
| catabolism | process of breaking down complex foods into simpler substances |
| metabolism | the total of the chemical processes in a cell: anabolism+catabolism |
| cell membrane | semipermeable structure that surrounds and protects the cell |
| chromosomes | rod-like structures containing regions of DNA called genes |
| cytoplasm | material inside the cell membrane that surrounds the nucleus |
| DNA | the basic structure of genes |
| endoplasmic reticulum | protein factory where proteins are made from simpler substances |
| golgi apparatus | process factory where proteins are stored, modified, and transported |
| lysosome | site of intracellular digestion containing enzymes to disintegrate microorganisms and damaged tissue |
| mitochondria | energy factory of the cell |
| nucleolus | the control center of the cell |
| nucleolus | site of RNA synthesis |
| ribosomes | structures found in endoplasmic reticulum containing RNA, and the site of protein synthesis |
| adipose | collection of fat cells |
| connective tissue | binds and supports various structures; i.e. fat, bone, blood, cartilage |
| epithelial tissue | consists of epithelium, lines internal and external body surfaces. Endothelium, lines organs and blood vessels. Mesothelium , lines cavities such as the peritoneum |
| Epithelium | Lines internal and external body surfaces |
| Endothelium | Lines organs and blood vessels |
| Mesothelium | lines cavities such as the peritoneum |
| muscle tissue | skeletal muscle, striated, voluntary; cardiac muscle, striated, involuntary; visceral muscle, striated, involuntary; |
| skeletal muscle | Striated, voluntary, in charge of movement |
| cardiac muscle | striated, involuntary, controlling the heart |
| visceral muscle | striated, involuntary, controlling internal organs |
| nerve tissue | cells that conduct electrical impulses all over the body |
| abdominal | cavity containing organs such as stomach, intestines, spleen, and pancreas |
| thoracic | cavity containing organs such as the heart, lungs, esophagus, and trachea. |
| anatomy | the form and structure of the body |
| benign | not malignant, non-invasive; not spreading |
| cartilage | flexible connective tissue attached to bones at a joint |
| diaphragm | thin, muscular partition separating the thoracic and abdominal cavities |
| endocrine glands | glands the secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream |
| larynx | voice box |
| peritoneum | membrane surrounding the organs of the abdomen |
| pharynx | throat |
| physiology | study of the bodys function |
| trachea | windpipe |
| umbilicus | the navel |
| ureter | tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder |
| urethra | tube that carries urine from urinary bladder to the outside of the body |
| viscera | internal organs |
| lavage | irrigation or washing out of an organ or cavity |
| malignant | tending to become progressively worse |
| membrane | thin layer of tissue that covers a surface, lines a cavity, or divides a space or an organ |
| evisceration | displacement of internal organs outside of the cavity that should contian them |
| hernia | abnormal protrusion of an organ or tissue through the structure that should contain it |
| prolapse | abnormal protrusion of an organ or tissue through a natural opening |
