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level: Level 1 of INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 of INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

Question	Answer
comprise of the body covering	Integumentary System
What are the components of integumentary system?	skin nails hair glands
What are the layers of the skin?	Stratum Corneum Stratum Lucidum Stratum Granulosum Stratum Spinosum Stratum Basale
It is the first major skin region and it composed stratified squamous epithelium.	Epidermis
It is the process where the new cells containing keratin push old cells to the surface. 40-56 days for new cells to reach the surface.	Keratinization
It is the major cell in the epidermis and it is found on oral mucosa it forms the primary barrier in internal milieu and the external environment. produces the protein keratin,it is a fibrous protein acts as the protective barriei of the skin also found in hair and nails	Keratinocytes
It is the skin layer found in. palms and soles it is known as thick skin because it contains 5 epidermal layers instead of 4	Stratum Lucidum
In this layer of the skin the keratinocytes lose their nuclei and their cytoplasm appears granular.	Stratum Granulosum
Also known as the Malphigian layer -prickle layer keratinocytes become connected through desmosomes and start produce lamellar bodies, from within the golgi enriched In polar lipids, glycosphingolipids, free sterols, phospholipids and catabolic enzymes	Stratum Spinosum
outermost layer of epidermis 20-30 layers of dead squamous cells filled with keratin accounts for 75% of epidermal thickness dandruff is this layer flaking off scalp	Stratum Corneum
Forms when stratum corneum has frequent friction	Callus
deepest layer of epidermis single layer of cells firmly attached to dermis	Stratum Basale
immunologically active cells, are located in the middle of this layer (Stratum Spinosum) is an immune cell that engulfs foreign particles and pathogens when the skin is damaged not readily distinguishable from ordinary epidermal cells (keratinocytes), but they contain distinctive cytoplasmic granules and are readily identified histo-chemically by their high membrane bound ATPase or by certain surface antigens.	Langerhans Cells
What are the function of skin?	Protection Sensation Temperature Regulation Vitamin D production
2nd major skin region • Dense connective tissue • Contains collagen and elastic fibers • Contains fibroblasts, nerve endings, smooth muscle, glands, blood vessels, and hair follicles	Dermis
What are the layers of the dermis?	Papillary Layer,Dermal Papillae,Reticular Layer
projections that extend up into epidermis • remove waste and help regulate body temperature • ridged on hands and feet (fingerprints) • pattern is genetically determined	Dermal Papillae
thin connective tissue layer that contains blood vessels	Papillary Layer
deepest layer of dermis accounts for 80% of dermis	Reticular Layer
area where skin is most resistant to stretching • due to orientation of collagen fibers • important in scarring	Cleavage Lines