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Iowa Commercial Applicator 1B - Insects

Flash cards to help prepare for the Iowa 1B Commercial Applicator test.


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[Front]


Insect parts
[Back]


Head, thorax, abdomen

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Iowa Commercial Applicator 1B - Insects - Details

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221 questions
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Insect parts
Head, thorax, abdomen
Gradual metamorphosis
Grasshoppers, cockroaches, aphids. Go through several instars. Insect that hatches from the egg looks like a small adult.
Complete metamorphosis
Egg, larvae, pupae, adult. Juveniles look nothing like the adults. Black cutworm, European corn borer, corn rootworm.
Economic Injury Level
Density of the pest population where the cost of control equals the crop loss due to pests.
Economic threshold
Density of insects that justify control to prevent population from reaching EIL
If ETs are not established?
Nominal thresholds are used (best judgment of specialists with experience).
Example of cultural control
Crop rotation, adjusting planting/harvest date
Example of mechanical control
Shredding corn stalks to prevent European corn borer from overwintering
Example of biological control
Predators, parasites, parasitoids, pathogens
Examples of chemical control?
Emulsifiable Concentrates, Wettable Powders, Granular. Most are contact killers.
What is phytotoxicity?
Injury to plants due to chemicals.
When mixing, how can you avoid phytotoxicity?
Do not tank mix insecticides that are not labeled, and do not tank mix with products that are not labeled.
What is this?
Seed corn maggot
When do seed corn maggots do the most damage?
In a cool, wet spring when corn emergence is slow
Seed corn maggot treatments
No rescue treatments. Seed treatments, in-furrow insecticides.
Corn pest - How long is a wireworm life cycle?
Larvae occupy soil for 1-6 years, but entire life cycle can be 1-7.
Corn pest - Treatment options for wireworms?
No rescue treatments. Seed treatments, in-furrow insecticides, or planter insecticides.
Corn pest - What two kinds of white grubs are there?
True white grub and annual white grub
How do you tell the difference between a true white grub and an annual white grub?
True white grubs have a "zipper" of hair on their rasters (end of abdomen). Annual white grubs do not have any patterns of hair.
When does true white grub cause the most damage?
When soils are cooler in May and early June
True white grub treatments?
No rescue treatments. Soil insecticides in-furrow, seed treatments, planter box seed treatments.
What kind of corn pest is this?
Black cutworm (top) and dingy cutworm (bottom)
How do you tell black cutworms and dingy cutworms apart?
Black cutworm: One pair of tubercles is smaller than the other Ding cutworm: Both pairs of tubercles are the same size
Which cutworm overwinters in Iowa?
Dingy cutworms, as partially-grown larvae
How do black cutworms damage corn?
Will cut the young corn down. They feed on seedling plants and tissue
How do dingy cutworms damage corn?
Climb plants and feed on leaf tissue. Will rarely cut plants down.
When to treat black cutworms?
If at least 8 moths are trapped on 2 consecutive nights by ISU trapping projects, cutworms could cause injury. Check ISU predicted cutting dates.
How to scout for black cutworms?
Scout 20 plants in a row, before cutting date, before V5.
When to treat dingy cutworms?
Only when damage is excessive and growing conditions are bad
Cutworm treatment options
Prevention/reactive insecticides. Bt corn works on black cutworms.
What are symptoms of grape colaspis injury?
Stunting, wilting, purpling, browning of leaf tips and edges
Management options for grape colaspis?
No rescue treatments. Soil in-furrow insecticides, seed treatments if necessary.
What is this corn pest?
Common stalk borer
What kind of rootworm is this?
Southern corn rootworm
Where and how do N and W rootworms overwinter?
Overwinter in Iowa as eggs in the soil
What is another effective option to control corn rootworm, which are better than seed treatments?
In-furrow insecticides or at-plant insecticides. Provides a zone of protection until roots can replace themselves.
When should you start scouting for corn rootworm?
In early July, when beetles first appear