FORENSIC
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385 questions
| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| Records before death | ANTEMORTEM RECORD |
| The objective is to recreate what the individual’s dentition and oral structures were at the time of his last dental visit | ANTEMORTEM RECORD |
| Locating Antemortem Dental Records | Local VA hospital, asking a family member for the name of the deceasedindividual’s treating dentist , local dental schools, individual’s personal phone book or in their household financial records, dental records from any prior incarceration, Job-related insurance companies, Public Health Department Dental Clinics (LALIDJP) |
| Essence of all postmortem examinations | Accurate documentation |
| By means of _____, ______, and _____, the forensic odontologist can precisely document the dental conditions that may lead to a positive identification | Clinical charting, photographs, postmortem radiographs |
| Records after death | POSTMORTEM RECORD |
| Examination of dead body to determine the cause of death | POSTMORTEM RECORD |
| Methods of Human Identification:Is an excellent biometric method of human identification when the soft tissue of the fingers is intact, | Fingerprints (Ridgeology) |
| What Antemortem Dental Records Should Be Requested? | All dental records of the decedent should be requested, both written and radiographic. |
| Classification of remains: Class II | Decomposed/ incinerated |
| Examination Procedures:Visually identifiable body | Photographs; Radiographs; Dental charting; Dental impressions, if applicable; Resection, if needed |
| Examination Procedures:Decomposed/incinerated body | Photographs, Radiographs, Dental charting, Resection and preservation of jaw specimens if indicated |
| Examination Procedures:Skeletonized remains | Photographs; Radiographs; Dental charting |
| Images take should include: | Full face, Full-face lips retracted, Close-up of anterior teeth in occlusion, Lateral views with teeth and in occlusion, Occlusal views of maxillary and mandibular teeth, Any other photographs should be taken of unique findings |
| If the remains are fragmented, skeletonized, or burned, the odontologist should capture sufficient photos to document __________and any areas of special interest. | All surfaces of teeth |
| Helps in estimating the time since death as well to ascertain if the body had been moved after death | Rigor mortis (viewable remains) |
| Rigor Mortis Stage:destruction of a cell/ tissues by their own enzyme | Stage 1 (Autolysis) |
| Rigor Mortis Stage:skin shade starts blurring because of the sulfur-containing mixes discharged by the bacteria in the body. | Stage 2 (Bloat) |
| Rigor Mortis Stage:fluids release through the orifice indicate the beginning of the active decay. Such as organs, muscles, skin. | Stage 3 (Active Decay) |
| Rigor Mortis Stage:Liquefaction stage. | Stage 3 (Active Decay) |
| Prior to any soft-tissue exposure or excision of the jaws, permission is necessary from the ___________even if the remains are considered nonviewable | Coroner or medical examiner |
| Methods (surgical for nonvieable remains): In cases where the remains are badly decomposed, burned, or fragmented | Jaw Resection |
| The blade of the saw move back and forth to cut a linear line through hard cast material without cutting the soft human tissue | Stryker Saw Method |
| Methods (surgical for nonvieable remains): An alternative technique for the resection of the jaws involves the use of large pruning shears. | Pruning Shears Method |
| Can be used to induce a “Le Fort” Type I fracture of the maxilla | Mallet and Chisel Method |
| Dental computer software that can assist forensic odontologist for human identification records | WinID3 |
| Improper comparisons can lead to a | Misidentification |
| The recording and matching of multiple antemortem and postmortem dental records via _____ (computers) have been in existence since the 1970s | Algorithmic models |
| Dental Identification Guidelines:The available information is insufficient to form the basis for a conclusion | Insufficient evidence |
| Dental Identification Guidelines:The antemortem and postmortem data are clearly inconsistent | Exclusion |
| Once an identity has either been established or excluded, the odontologist may be requested to _____ discussing their findings | Write a report |
| Occupationan condition: Musicians, traffic officer | Unusual abrasion or wear patterns on teeth |
| Occupationan condition: Carpenters, electricians | Unusual abrasion or wear patterns on teeth |
| Occupationan condition: Seamstresses, hairdressers | Unusual abrasion or wear patterns on teeth |
| Occupationan condition: Shoemaker/ repairer | Unusual abrasion or wear patterns on teeth |
| Occupationan condition: Upholsterer, glassblower | Unusual abrasion or wear patterns on teeth |
| Occupationan condition: Stripping wires, holding nails, | Unusual abrasion or wear patterns on teeth |
| Occupationan condition: brads, pins, needles with teeth, | Unusual abrasion or wear patterns on teeth |
| Occupation condition: Stripping wires, holding nails, brads, pins, needles with teeth, biting on reed/mouthpiece, whistle, etc. | Unusual abrasion or wear patterns on teeth |
| Occupationan condition: Sandblasters, grain mill, saw mill workers | Generalized tooth abrasion |
| Occupationan condition: Miners, cement and stone cutters, jackhammer operator | Generalized tooth abrasion |
| Occupationan condition: Abrasive dust and particulate matter causing abrasion | Generalized tooth abrasion |
| Occupationan condition: Decalcification of enamel and dentin from acidic fumes | Eroded labial surfaces of anterior teeth, often smooth |
| Occupationan condition: Chemical, galvanizing and battery workers making or using acids | Eroded labial surfaces of anterior teeth, often smooth |
| Occupationan condition: Sucrose exposure | Dental caries on facial surfaces of teeth |
| Occupationan condition: Bakers, candy makers, sugar refinery workers | Dental caries on facial surfaces of teeth |
| Occupationan condition: Dust and fumes from exposure to the metals | Green, yellow, black stains |
| Occupationan condition: Metal workers using copper, nickel, tin, iron | Green, yellow, black stains |
| Occupationan condition: Wine tasters | Erosion of labial surfaces of maxillary anterior teeth |
| Occupationan condition: Wine tasting of more than 20 samples per day | Erosion of labial surfaces of maxillary anterior teeth |
| Occupationan condition: Increased consumption of sports drinks, gels; decreased pH of swimming pool water | Acidic erosion, dental caries |
| Occupationan condition: Competitive/ professional athletes | Acidic erosion, dental caries |
| Teeth and dental restorations may provide specific indicators asto the country/ area of origin:Gold foil and cast gold restorations | Dental school treatment |
| Teeth and dental restorations may provide specific indicators asto the country/ area of origin:Dental fluorosis, mottled teeth | SW Texas, SE New Mexico, Rural United States, China, Africa |
| Teeth and dental restorations may provide specific indicators asto the country/ area of origin:Silver or gold color metal crowns on anterior teeth | Mexico, Central America |
| Teeth and dental restorations may provide specific indicators asto the country/ area of origin:Excess fluoride in water wells and municipal water | Dental fluorosis, mottled teeth |
| Habits and customs:Brown or black staining of teeth. More obvious when calculus is present on teeth | Coffee, tea, red wine drinkers |
| Habits and customs:An extrinsic stain caused from drinking the liquids | Coffee, tea, red wine drinkers |
| Habits and customs:Unilateral attrition | Pipe smoking |
| Habits and customs:Endogenous brown yellow, white “snow capped” discoloration of enamel | Amelogenesis imperfecta |
| Habits and customs:Hereditary; abnormal development of ameloblasts | Amelogenesis imperfecta |
| Habits and customs:Congenitally missing teeth, peg teeth, sparse hair | Ectodermal dysplasia |