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ARC 111 Images/Monuments


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Identify this structure
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Gobekli Tepe, Southeastern Turkey, ca 12,000 BCE

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Identify this structure
Gobekli Tepe, Southeastern Turkey, ca 12,000 BCE
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Catalhoyuk, Southern Turkey, ca 7,000 BCE
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Interior of Catalhoyuk Dwelling, Southern Turkey, ca 7,000 BCE
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Le Menec alignments, Carnac, Brittany, Northwest France ca 2500 BCE
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Newgrange Mounded Tombs, Ireland, ca 3000-2500 BCE
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Malta, Hagar Qim, ca 3600-2500 BCE
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Avebury, England, ca 3000 BCE
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Stonehenge, England, ca 3000-1500 BCE (built in stages)
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Typical mastaba, Ancient Egypt, ca 4,000 BCE
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Djoser's Tomb (Processional Hall), Saqqara, Egypt, ca 2,650 BCE
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The Stepped Pyramid of Djoser, Saqqara, Egypt, ca 2,650 BCE [Imhotep]
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Sneferu's Bent Pyramid, Meidum, Egypt, ca 2,550
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Pyramids of Menkaure, Khafre, and Khufu (respectively), Giza, Egypt, ca 26th - 25th century BCE
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Section view of Khufu's Pyramid, Giza, Egypt, ca 2,570 BCE
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Funeral Complex of Mentuhotep, Deir el-Bahri, Egypt, ca 2010 BCE
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Thebes, Egypt's Southern Capital from ca 1560-1070 BCE (New Kingdom), shown with temples at Karnak and Luxor
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Temple of Amon-Ra, Karnak, Egypt, ca 1400 BCE, pylons shown
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Hatshepsut's Mortuary Temple, Deir el-Bahri, Egypt, ca 1480 BCE
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Proto-Doric columns at Hatshepsut's Mortuary Temple, Deir el-Bahri, Egypt, ca 1480 BCE
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Plan of the Temple of Amon-Ra, Luxor, Egypt, ca 1470-1250 BCE
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Pylon entry for Ramesses II, Luxor, Egypt, ca 1250 BCE
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Temple of Ramesses II, Abu Simbel, Egypt, ca 1250 BCE
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Temple/Palace at Knossos, Crete, ca. 1450 BCE
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Theatral Area, Knossos, Crete, ca 1450 BCE
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Table-leg column, Knossos, Crete, ca 1450 BCE
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Toreador fresco, Knossos, Crete, ca 1450 BCE
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Throne Sanctuary in Labyrinth, Knossos, Crete, ca 1450 BCE
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Minoan priestess as snake goddess, Knossos, Crete, ca 1600-1450 BCE
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Lion Gate, Mycenae, Greece, ca 1250 BCE
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Aerial view of circular grave, Mycenae, Greece, ca 1600-1200 BCE
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Dromos of beehive tomb, Mycenae, Greece, ca 1250 BCE
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Plan view of Paestum (Poseidonia), Southern Italy, laid out in "per-strigas" grid
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Miletus, Ionian coast of Turkey, redesigned according to Hippodamian criteria in 470s BCE, shown after 200 CE Roman interventions
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Olympia, ca 800 BCE, birthplace of the olympics (originally religious)
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Delphi, ca 800 BCE, home to the oracle of Apollo, divine sanction for new settlements
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Plans of early Greek temples, transition of wood columns to stone Doric columns
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Temple of Neptune/Apollo, Paestum, Doric order, mid 500 BCE
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Plan of Agora, Athens, ca 450 BCE
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Theatre of Epidauros, Epidauros, Greece, mid 4th century BCE
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Plan of Olynthus, northern Greece, rebuilt after Persian invasion
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North Porch of the Erechtheion, Athens, Greece, 420 BCE, Ionic Columns
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Temple of Apollo Epicurius, Bassae, Greece, mid 5th century BCE, notable Corinthian column
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Greek Refinements of the Parthenon, made Greek temples appear more harmonious
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Plan of the Acropolis,, Athens, rebuilt at time of Pericles 459-420 BCE
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Section view of Propylaia, Athens, Greece, exterior Doric order and internal Ionic order
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Plan views of the Parthenon, designed by Iktinos and Kallikrates(440 BCE) and Erechtheion (420 BCE) designed by Mnesicles, Erechtheion more complex
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Facade of the Parthenon, Athens, Greece, 447-432 BCE
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Porch of the Erechtheion with caryatids, Athens, Greece, 430 BCE (Caryatids representing the shame of traitors, Persian invasion)
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Roman concrete walls, various building methods Opus Incertum (irregular and randomly placed stones, flat surface) Opus Reticulatum (diamond shaped regular bricks, diagonal) Opus Testaceum (triangular bricks used as concrete facing) Opus mixtum (horizontal bands of brick alternative with bands of tufa)
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Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia, Praeneste, Rome, 204 BC, by Publius Sempronius Tuditanus, early example of barrel vaults
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Trajan's Aqueduct, Segovia, Spain, ca 100 CE, multistoried arcuated structure
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Evolution of Etruscan temple type into Roman, increasing cella and number of columns
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Maison Carree, Nimes, France, ca 20 BCE, example of standardized model and reproduction
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Markets of Trajan, Rome, 110 CE, barrel vaults combined with groin vaults, clerestory windows
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Plan of the city Pompeii, ca 70 CE
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Plan of the forum of Pompeii, rebuilt 62 CE after earthquake, axial orientation
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Remains of the Bascilica of Pompeii, ca 70 CE, used for business and administration
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The Colosseum, Rome, ca 70 CE, combined Corinthian, Ionic, and Tuscan columns, empires largest building
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Plan of Stabian baths, Pompeii, ca 70 CE Mens vs Womens Natatorium = pool Tepidarium = warm Caldarium = hot Frigidarium = cold
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Example of domus plan
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Republican forum under Julius Caesar and Augustus, mid 1st Century BCE, strict axial order
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Forum of Augustus with fragments of Mars temple and fire wall, 40-2 BCE, separation politically and socially
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The Pantheon, Rome, 125-128 CE, embodied the ideal of sacred governance, vaulted concrete technology
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Interior of the Pantheon with oculus, Rome, 125-128 CE, system of hollows beneath relieving arches
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Constantine's Basilica, Trier, Germany, ca 300 CE, stern facade
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Basilica of Maxentius, Rome, begun by Maxentius in 306 and completed by Constantine
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The Arch of Constantine, Rome, 315 CE, constructed with various spolia from other monuments
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St. John's in the Lateran, Rome, 315 CE, dominated Maxentius's former garrison
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Old St. Peter's, Rome, begun in 326 CE, funeral basilica for Peter the first Pope, featured spolia
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Basilica of Santa Sabina on the Aventine Hill, Rome, Mid 5th century CE, arches over Corinthian columns
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The Mausoleum of Santa Costanza, Rome, 340 CE, mosaic-covered rotunda