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S3 Physics: Sound


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[Front]


What is sound caused by?
[Back]


Vibrations

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S3 Physics: Sound - Details

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50 questions
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How does sound travel through a substance?
Sound wave causes particles to vibrate and knock into each other, which travels sound energy through the air.
What is the frequency of a wave?
Number of waves produced per second
What is the amplitude of a wave?
The distance from centre of a wave to the crest or trough.
What is the relationship between the pitch and the frequency of a sound?
The higher the frequency of a sound, the higher the pitch.
What is the relationship between the amplitude of a sound and the volume?
The higher the amplitude of a wave, the higher the volume of the sound.
What is a longitudinal wave?
A wave in which its particles move in the same direction as the direction the wave is travelling.
Describe the method of recording the speed of sound using blocks of wood, a trundle wheel and a timer.
Two people stand at least 50 metres apart, (measured with a trundle wheel), one holds blocks of wood and the other holds a timer. The first person will hit the blocks of wood together, and when the other person sees the objects collide, they start the timer. When they hear the sound made, they stop the timer. They can then use v=d/t to calculate the speed of sound.
Describe the process of recording the speed of sound in a lab with two microphones and an electronic timer.
Place two microphones 1 or 2 metres away from each other. Make a noise in one microphone, this will start the electronic timer. When the sound reaches the second microphone, the timer will stop. You can then use v=d/t to calculate the speed of sound.
How do you convert milliseconds (ms) to seconds (s)
Replace the prefix 'milli' with x10^-3
What is 40ms in seconds?
40 x 10^-3 seconds
What is 0.03ms in seconds?
0.03x10^-3 seconds
What is a medium?
A material sound can travel through.
Why does sound travel fastest in solids?
The particles are closer together, so the vibrations can pass through the medium more easily.
What is 'noise'?
Unwanted sounds we hear in day to day life
Give an example of noise.
Dogs barking, machinery, traffic
Define the term 'noise pollution'
Unwanted noise that is too loud or lasts too long, which causes problems
Give examples of noise pollution
Airport noise, construction work, washing machines
What is ultrasound?
Sound above 20,000Hz
What are some uses of ultrasound?
Body scans, seeing unborn children, breaking up kidney stones through vibrations, animals using 'echolocation' to detect predators and prey.
What is infrasound?
Sound under 20Hz
What are some uses of infrasound?
Volcano detection, tracking meteors, animal communication
How do you calculate the distance of an echo?
Use v=d/t, but either half final answer or half 't'.
In the formula f=N/t, what is N
Number of waves (no unit)
What is sampling?
The process of turning a sound wave into a digital signal