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S3 Physics: Kinetic Theory


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S3 Physics: Kinetic Theory


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[Front]


What is the density of a substance?
[Back]


A measure of how much mass is occupying a particular volume.

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What is Density?
Mass per unit volume
What is the density of a substance?
A measure of how much mass is occupying a particular volume.
What does density tell us?
A measure of how much mass is occupying a particular volume
Question
Answer
How do you measure the density of a cuboid?
1. Measure the mass on a balance/scale 2. Measure the length, breadth and height with a ruler. 3. Calculate the volume with v=lxbxh 4. Calculate the density with ρ=m/v
How do you measure the density of water?
1. Measure the mass of the measuring cylinder alone. 2. Fill measuring cylinder to desired volume of water. 3. Measure the mass of the water + mass of measuring cylinder. 4. Subtract the mass of a measuring cylinder alone from mass of water + measuring cylinder. 5. Calculate the density with ρ=m/v
How do you measure the density of an irregularly shaped object?
1. Measure the mass of the object 2. Put water into a measuring cylinder and note the volume. 3. Submerge the object in water and record the new volume. 4. Subtract volume of water from the volume of the water + the object 5. Calculate the density with ρ=m/v
How do we measure and calculate the density of a cuboid?
1. Measure the objects mass on a balance. 2. Use a ruler to measure the objects length, breadth and height. 3. Use V=lxbxh to calculate the objects volume. 4. Use ρ = m/V to calculate the object’s density.
How do we measure and calculate the density of a cylinder?
1. Measure the mass of the object on a balance. 2. Use a ruler to measure the cylinder’s diameter. Divide by two to get the radius. 3. Use a ruler to measure the cylinders height. 4. Use V = π r²h to calculate the volume. 5. Use ρ = m/V to calculate the cylinder’s density.
How do we measure the density of a liquid?
Mass of liquid = mass of filled container – mass of empty container then: ρ = m/V
How do we measure and calculate the density of an irregularly shaped object?
Volume of irregular object = volume of object and water – volume of water alone then: ρ = m/V
What is pressure?
A measure of how much force is acting over a particular area.
In the formula W=mg, what is g?
Gravitational field strength
What is a fluid?
Liquid or gas
What is the atmosphere?
The layer of gas around the Earth
What causes atmospheric pressure?
Air molecules colliding with a surface
What is upthrust/buoyant force?
If an object is placed in water, when the depth of water increases, the pressure increases. Since the bottom of the object is deeper than the top, the pressure at the bottom will be bigger than the pressure at the top, resulting in a resultant force upwards.
What causes an object to sink? (explain your answer referring to upthrust, and the object’s weight)
If the weight of the object is larger than the upthrust, the object will sink.
How is gas pressure created?
Due to the vast number of gas particles colliding with container walls and exerting a force over that area
What is the relationship between pressure and volume?
Inverse relationship: as volume increases, pressure decreases
In a container with a large volume, are there more or fewer collisions with the walls?
Fewer, as the gas particles have further to travel to collide with the walls
In a container with a small volume, is there a larger or smaller pressure on the walls?
Greater, because there are more collisions with the walls due to less distance to travel
At a high temperature, do gas particles exert a large or small pressure? explain your answer
At high temperatures gas particles move more quickly and energetically and collide with the container walls more frequently. this exerts a large force on the container walls, resulting in large pressure
At a low temperature, do gas particles exert a large or small pressure? explain your answer
At low temperatures gas particles move less quickly and energetically and collide with container walls less frequently. this exerts a smaller force on the container walls, resulting in a smaller pressure.
What is the general (combined) gas law formula?
(P₁ x V₁)/T₁ = (P₂ x V₂)/T₂
What is pressure?
Force per unit area