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level: Respiratory pharmacology

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Respiratory pharmacology

QuestionAnswer
Restrictive diseases affectGeneration of a pressure gradient e.g. lung parenchyma, drug induced, dust infections
Obstructive diseases are caused byAn increase in airway resisitance e.g. asthma/COPD
Common preventor glucocorticoids- oral/ inhaledInhaled- beclamethasone, oral pregnisolone
Leukotriene receptor antagonists-Work by blocking bronchoconstrictor and pro-inflammatory leukotrienes e.g. montekulast
Theophylines work byPDE inhibitors- less cAMP breakdown therefore MLCkinase inhibited so less calcium released so less contraction of smooth muscle.
Beta 2 agonists work viaActivated sympathetic nervous system will cause more cAMP production
Salbutamol is aShort acting beta 2 agonist
Samleterol is aLong acting beta 2 agonist
Anti muscarinics work byBlocking vagal inervation on airway smooth muscle
Ipratropium bromide is aShort acting anti muscarinic
What is the aspirin triadNasal polps, asthma and aspirin sensitivity
COPDLoss of elastic recoil-.-> increased airway resistance
Emphysema-Alveolar component destruction loss of folding
COPD patients will show abarreled chest
COPD patients encouraged to breathe withPursed lips
What is allergic rhinitisInflammation of nasal airway
How is allergic rhinitis generally managed/ managed privatelyWith antihistamines, privately may use a anti IgE is a monoclonal antibody given subcutaneously- Omalizubab
How is resp depression following surgery treatedVerbal stimulation, O2 therapy, CPAP
What are doxapram and almitrineCarotid body stimulants- used for COPD patients, (ODs and post op stimulation in the former)