Basic Pediatric Nursing Care (Ch. 31)
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Basic Pediatric Nursing Care (Ch. 31) - Details
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122 questions
| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| Unrefrigerated milk contains hundreds of bacteria, contributing to the development of ______ and ______. | Diarrhea and tuberculosis |
| Who is the father of pediatrics? | Abraham Jacobi |
| What occurs at a milk station? | Babies are weighed and mothers taught how to prepare milk for their babies |
| Who oversees children's programs today? | Office of Child Development |
| What does the Office of Child Development house? | Children's Bureau Bureau of Child Development Services |
| Title V, Maternal and Child Health Services recognized for the first time the needs of ___________. | Special needs children |
| What are the four essential features of nursing process? | Human responses Theory application Nursing actions Outcomes of nursing actions |
| What are the two basic concepts in family-centered care? | Enabling and empowering |
| What is the preferred term for mental retardation? | Cognitive impairment |
| How do preschoolers perceive pain? | Punishment for bad thoughts and behavior Believe adults can cure illness if they want |
| Growth parameters for a child include: | Weight Height Head circumference Skinfold thickness and circumference |
| Children whose growth necessitates further investigation include: | 1. Height and weight percentiles are widely disparate 2. Fail to show expected growth rates 3. Sudden increase or decrease |
| How is head circumference measured? | Above eyebrows and pinna of the ears and around occipital at the back of skull |
| What does arm circumference measure? | Muscle mass |
| Why are newborns at an increased risk of hyperthermia? | They have difficulty dissipating heat |
| What is the primary purpose of body temperature measurement? | Detection of abnormal values |
| Where are the best sites for measurement of temperature? | Those closest to the brain (core temp) |
| In infants and young children, _______ or ______ temperatures often are preferred. | Tympanic or axillary |
| At what age are oral temperatures usually acceptable? | 5 or 6 years of age; when child is able to cooperate and understand directions |
| Why do many facilities prefer tympanic temperatures for all ages? | Ears proximity to the hypothalamus; the body's temperature-regulating center |
| What is the average apical beat of a newborn? | 120 beats per minute |
| When is the apical pulse most reliable? | Taken when the patient is asleep |
| Where will murmurs of the heart be heard? | Second intercostal space |
| Why should abdominal movements be observed when counting respirations of an infant? | Respirations are primarily diaphragmatic |
| Tufts of hair along the spine are significant because they sometimes mark the site of ________. | Spina bifida occulta |
| What is the "en face position" | Adult and baby's face are 8 inches apart, on the same plane |
| Newborns are able to follow bright, colorful objects by what age? | Second or third week of life |
| How can hard cerumen be softened | 2-3 drops mineral oil for a few days |
| Protrusions of the tongue are seen in children with what kind of impairment? | Cognitive impairment |
| Where should the tongue blade be placed on the tongue? | Along the side |
| When are all 20 primary teeth usually present? | By child's third birthday |
| A barrel shaped chest in an older child can indicate: | COPD; cystic fibrosis or asthma |
| Normal peristalsis sounds like: | Metallic clicks and gurgles |
| How often should peristalsis be heard? | 10 to 30 seconds |
| Why are infants more prone to fluid volume fluctuations? | Glomerular filtration and absorption are low; immature kidney function |
| What does the stool of a baby who is breastfed look like? | Light mustard color, grainy, runny |
| Why are infants and children able to recover more swiftly than an adult? | Due to higher metabolism |
| How many words are in a one year old's vocabulary? | Three to four-word |
| What is the leading age of child maltreatment victims? | Birth to one year |
| What is often the first crisis a child faces? | Hospitalization |
| What are the 6 stress points common for children undergoing surgery? | 1. Admission 2. Blood tests 3. Afternoon of the day before surgery 4. Injection of preoperative medication 5. Before and during transport to OR 6. Return to post anesthesia care unit |
| How should the infant be held when washing the head? | "Football style" |
| What side should the infant be positioned on to permit feeding to flow to lower end of the stomach? | Right side |
| After a gavage feeding, flush the tube with _______ | Sterile water |
| After a G-tube feeding, place the child in one of two positions: | On right side, or Fowlers |
| At what rate should a newborn be tube fed? | 5mL every 5 to 10 minutes |
| At what rate should older infants and children be fed? | 10mL per minute |
| What is a usual site for parenteral feeding? | Subclavian vein |
| Which situations allow the use of SRD's? | Maintenance of oxygen therapy Protection from harm Patients who are confused/agitated/unable to comprehend |
| What is an efficient way to deliver oxygen to small infants? | Through a plastic hood that fits over the baby's head (Hood) |
| What is the purpose of a mist tent? | Liquify pulmonary secretions |