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level: Level 4

Questions and Answers List

MIXED SYMPATHOMIMETICS / INDIRECT-ACTING SYMPATHOMIMETICS

level questions: Level 4

Question	Answer
- FIRST ORALLY ACTIVE SYMPATHOMIMETIC DRUGS - found in Ma Huang (Ephedra sinica) - has the ability to activate beta-receptors -- accounted for earlier use in asthma (Chinese medicine); used to treat HYPOTENSION - CNS: MILD STIMULANT MIXED SYMPATHOMIMETICS	EPHEDRINE
- OTC as COMPONENT of many decongestants - used as PRECURSOR in the illicit manufacture of METHAMPHETAMINE MIXED SYMPATHOMIMETICS	PSEUDOEPHEDRINE - Sudafed®
- common component of OTC APPETITE SUPPRESSANTS AND NASAL DECONGESTANT - removed from the market because it was associated with HEMORRHAGIC STROKES in young women MIXED SYMPATHOMIMETICS	PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE
- for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and APPETITE SUPPRESSION - S/E: HTN, tachycardia, dependence, insomnia, seizures, psychosis - CNS stimulant - effects on mood and alertness and a depressant effect on appetite - Stimulates alpha (vasoconstriction) and beta-receptors (increased heart rate) INDIRECT-ACTING SYMPATHOMIMETICS	AMPHETAMINE
very similar to amphetamine with an even HIGHER RATIO of central to peripheral actions INDIRECT-ACTING SYMPATHOMIMETICS	Methamphetamine
a VARIANT phenylisopropylamine with amphetamine-like effects; has been promoted as an ANOREXIANT and a POPULAR DRUG OF ABUSE INDIRECT-ACTING SYMPATHOMIMETICS	Phenmetrazine
• an amphetamine variant whose major pharmacologic effects and abuse potential are similar to those of amphetamine • 1ST LINE in children with ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER INDIRECT-ACTING SYMPATHOMIMETICS	Methylphenidate
- a psychostimulant that differs from amphetamine in structure, neurochemical profile, and behavioral effects - MOA: inhibits both NE and Dopamine transporters, and increase interstitial concentrations of NE, dopamine, serotonin and glutamate while decreasing GABA levels - used primarily to IMPROVE WAKEFULNESS in NARCOLEPSY INDIRECT-ACTING SYMPATHOMIMETICS	Modafinil
- a normal BY-PRODUCT of TYROSINE metabolism in the body and is also found in high concentrations in some fermented foods such as cheese - readily metabolized by MAO in the liver and is normally inactive when taken orally because of a very high first-pass effect - should NOT BE TAKEN with MAO inhibitors INDIRECT-ACTING SYMPATHOMIMETICS	Tyramine
- a selective inhibitor of NET -used in the treatment of ADHD Catecholamine Reuptake Inhibitors	Atomoxetine
- has similar characteristics as atomoxetine Catecholamine Reuptake Inhibitors	Reboxetine
- a serotonin and NE reuptake inhibitor and is the only appetite suppressant approved by FDA for a long-term treatment of OBESITY Catecholamine Reuptake Inhibitors	Sibutramine
- a local anesthetic with a peripheral sympathomimetic action that results from inhibition of transmitter reuptake at noradrenergic synapses - readily enters CNS and produces an amphetamine-like psychological effect that is shorter lasting and more intense than amphetamine Catecholamine Reuptake Inhibitors	Cocaine
converted to dopamine in the body, and dopamine agonist with central actions are of considerable value in the treatment of Parkinson's disease DOPAMINE AGONISTS	LEVODOPA
• is a D1-receptor agonist that selectively leads to peripheral vasodilation in some vascular beds • primary indication is in the intravenous treatment of SEVERE HYPERTENSION in hospitalized patients • S/E: headache, flushing, dizziness, nausea, vomiting and tachycardia DOPAMINE AGONISTS	FENOLDOPAM