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level: 1.7 Enzyme action

Questions and Answers List

level questions: 1.7 Enzyme action

QuestionAnswer
What are enzymes- Biological catalysts - Speed up an reaction without changing themselves - can be reused - Globular proteins
Conditions that must be satisfied for reaction to take place- Molecules must collide with sufficient energy to alter arrangement of atoms - activation energy - The free energy of the products must be less than the substrates
Activation energy meaning- The minimum amount of energy required for reactions to take place
Enzymes and activation energy- Enzymes work by lowering the activation energy level - This allows reactions to take place at lower temperatures like 37 degrees in the body
Enzyme structure (lock and key)- The substrate fits into the active site and binds with the enzyme - The substrate splits into products and leaves active site
Enzyme structure (induced fit)- Enzymes are very specific and only bond to particular substrates - Has complementary shape to substrate - Substrate has to be right shape to fit the active site and has to make the active site change shape in the right way - Forms enzyme-substrate complexes - Lowers activation energy
Enzyme properties related to their tertiary structure- The active site's shape is determined by the tertiary structure of proteins - An altered structure means it wont form an enzyme-substrate complex and so the substrate wont be catalysed
How enzyme lowers activation energy (induced fit theory)- The active site moulds around substrate - Putting tension on bonds - Lowering the activation energy